dq11 skill seeds. Save them all, need some extra stats just grind a. dq11 skill seeds

 
 Save them all, need some extra stats just grind adq11 skill seeds  yes, they

Used with greatswords, Helichopter allows the user to swing the blade in a complete circle, striking all enemies for normal damage Making its debut, it is learned by investing 7 skill points into the Greatsword skill tree, as well as 18 skill points into recruited Golems and Killing machines's. . Like give strength to the strongest character. They have Seeds of Skill as rare drops. The Seed of Life will increase a character’s HP by 5 for each one consumed. 84. Also very useful against. Maybe HP and maaayyybee MP for a handful of characters (Rab/Veronica). In 3d, you can pick up 4 easily, one in Gallopolis, one in Gondolia's laguna, one in Dundrasil. Serena was completely outclassed by Rab in Act 1, then after Veronica’s death Serena becomes viable with much better damaging spells. You can only reset skill trees (like Greatsword or Sword) and not individual skills, plus it’ll cost you 20 gold per Skill Point. Most of useful spells for her at that point come from. If you equip two on Jade. Veronica, Rab, and Serena all have underwhelming skill sets. Hop down the ledge into the water to find a Sparkly Spot. ago. Skill seeds are grindable and worst case scenario, you'll leave one skill slot unfilled if your character is level 99. 12. Drop rate equipment. There are other chests moved around in every other area effectively. Eight: 647 + 10 (669) = 12 extra needed. somewhat of. 1. I'm one to have every skill available to me before fighting the final boss and/or getting to the post game, so was wondering if there's any enemy…Yes and no. You'd lose that bet. Seed of Skill. #dragonquest #dragonquestxi A quick guide for farming seed of Life! Make sure to check out my other dragon quest xi guides like this one or watch my 100% wal. Go to Cryptic Crypt, in the Hotto Region, and head all the way to the end of the dungeon. This trial requires you to have the Executioner Pep Power and Sylvando and Hendrick in the party. Dragon Quest XI Demo Rewards. Did all my farming in Act 3. Strength = Hero (or eric) Defense = whoever has lowest base defense in my party at the time. Each seed is one skill point on use. Just do a search for Malicious Great Keeper. If it's anything like previous entries, Agility is randomized at 51-100% for the purpose of turn order so it might be best to use Agility Seeds on slower characters. I've seen maps online. Dragon Quest XI S: Echoes of an Elusive Age - Definitive Edition. juanbriceno (Topic Creator) 4 years ago #4. If you're feeling adventurous, grab the 3x Mini Medal chest near the Dundrasil camp site while you're at it. There are plenty of non essential skills you can skip to “max” out everyone’s tree without any seeds of skills. Evac, leave the world and zoom back into 3D mode. Seeds of Agility: Vicious Raven Lunatics in the Fierce Forest, Sage's Trial. Without spoiling anything, the best method to cut down on some of this is to gather about 30-35 Seeds of Skill prior to the end of Act 1 as well as many of other seeds you can, place them in the. . For Dragon Quest XI S: Echoes of an Elusive Age - Definitive Edition on the Nintendo Switch, a GameFAQs message board topic titled "How many skill seeds do you need for each person to max out at 99?". ok, so i just got my luminary tree back. I've just been getting crappy. Edit: Cleared up some grammar and added some spacing. Tips for those trying to farm skill seeds efficiently. Some characters might be able to max it without. Locate/kill the Mimic and retrieve the seed of skill. Here are 20 easy steps of earning upwards of 8 levels per battle! You’ll need to be in the second portion of the game when your team is somewhat scattered. Regardless of whether you pick Swords or Greatswords, your goal is to invest enough SP in both their respective trees to get Sword Dance, a sword skill that allows the Luminary to attack a group of enemies four times or deal ~4x his normal damage to a single foe. There are 5 or 6 specific spots in the area near the Dundrasil campsite that they drop out of the sky at when you walk over them. You will be about 450 or close to it with most if not all stats at level 99. Dragon Quest XI S: Echoes of an Elusive Age - Definitive Edition. Regarding skills, in the 2nd part of the game all the characters get expanded skill trees. Setup The ideal setup for this is Serena, Veronica and Jade all wearing the Uniforme de l'Academie, Erik with the Pirate king Pendant and all the remaining accessories slots filled with bunny tails, but you can also start without the bunny tails because you will obtain some along the way. Seed of Sorcery/Therapeusis -> Royal Library, floors 2, 3, and 4. Dragon Quest Monsters: Joker. i was able to with nothing but 100 coin bets on 100 coin wins, able to farm up 100k. Skill seeds are overrated. Don't worry too much about picking between them as. Hitting level 99 is a cake walk, I saved my seeds for anytime I was a point or two away from an important ability. . My thoughts on Seed Farming. Within a treasure chest, the seed can be found on one of the islands. When you reach level 99, you will not have enough points to fill up the skill trees (short by 3-14 points per char). Rockman2019 3 years ago #1. Chemical-Cat. That said, DQ8 requires a fixed 500 points per person to max all skill trees out. The deft from heks wood. Also, you need Half-Inch to use the "Itemized Kill" Pep Power combo with the Hero, which guarantees you stealing the rare drop from a single enemy. Other useful skills include the Hero's Pep Up (under Luminary), and Metal Slash. Ive heard that completing the dragon gauntlet gives you a super seed and each dragon has a chance to drop a regular seed. Should I spend all 15 Skill Seeds on the PC or spread it out among all pary members. Generally, each crop is seasonal. Everyone seems ta be usin' spears with Jade, but I prefer the claws. A Seed of life will permanently raise the maximum HP of whoever eats it. Seed of Magic ¶. hexeos (Topic Creator) 5 years ago #6. Tickington. Dragon Quest XI S: Echoes of an Elusive Age - Definitive Edition. Pick up the ones that do and zoom back to Domus. Seeing as I’m planning to grind enough skill seeds to unlock everything for everyone, paying to get the points back seems like a waste of money. Anyway, at your level I think you will do just fine for the final boss. 169. odin87654321. So from what I can remember, there’s the one under Octagonia, the one in the dundrasil ruins, and one in the royal library. Also Known As: • Dragon Quest XI: Sugi Sarishi Toki o Motomete (JP) • Dragon Quest XI: Sugi Sarishi Toki o Motomete S (JP) • Dragon Quest XI S: Jinagan Sigan-eul Chaj-aseo - Definitive Edition (KO) • Dragon Quest XI S: Ecos de un Pasado Perdido - Edicion Definitiva (EU)The only seeds I farmed in DQ11 were skill seeds to completely unlock everyone's abilities at the very end of the game. Note that for forage items grown from wild seeds, the quality of the items is determined by foraging skill, not farming skill, making iridium quality foraged items possible with the Botanist profession. Strength well past 999 though (it won't show it, but it counts for Dual Wielding's second hand), for Erik at least, perhaps the Hero, but definitely Erik. The game was first revealed. It's not like I haven't been leveling either, ya'll know where I'm at storywise and my entire group is 75-80 ish. Femme Fatale is an amazing skill. : r/dragonquest. Empty your parties inventory for the duplicated 20 point seeds. Early-to-mid game build advice: 1. He does get good armor options so he can do a bit of tanking as well. far-sighted, isn't it? You may as well just use them "inefficiently" to get a particular skill you want early on and level 99 concerns be darned. This is a mod for every seed in the game it boosts how useful they are and how much they up each skill, the seeds in the base version will modify the selected stat to 999, in v2 though the standard seeds cap out at 50 with supers being 100. The reason for this is that you are given total freedom in which order to tackle each boss. Out of the STR, Life, and MP seeds, the last one is the hardest (though still easy) to farm since the Pterodactyl-like monsters only come in 2s. Distribution of Seeds of Strength, Agility etc. Both brownies and Ogres drop them as a rare drop, so if you've got 8 Bunny. This is different for the Strength +25 panel in Swordmastery, but the skills in Swordmastery also correspond to the weapon type closest to them, with Sword Dance and later BoUP usable by either type. Bonus tip, is to put a bunch of Stat Seeds into your characters inventory slots, especially Skills seeds if you got a bunch from the pre-order bonus. See full list on ign. Seed of skill. it should be a feature to. Head towards the middle and the cell on the left has some Horse Manure in. In Part 2, Night Clubbers can be found in Snaerfelt at night as on Insula Incognita and drop Strength Seeds. Here, you can access the chest there, which is actually a Cannibox. But if you don't mind not getting everyone's skill trees maxed out then no, no reason to wait. Much Quicker. Defeat it to be rewarded with a Seed of Skill. 0. I eventually got her the ability to dual wield wands and I think this is the best she can do after you master her Harpistry skills. Apparently you get items for finishing the demo then transferring the save data and was wondering if I should keep playing the demo version for. Skills you'll need beforehand will be Erik's Critical Claim (way upper left of his grid) and Jade's Thunder Thrust. No, use seeds immediately. You get every time a rnd seed and a talent seed after beating them and wishing for nothing. Just like Serena, I do not recommend using skill seeds on her for the early-to-mid game. I just spent 1 hour writing up a full response, then I forgot Chrome doesn't save my unposted data in this box (firefox does, but it keeps crashing my system, brave browser doesn't save it either). Seed of Defence ¶. Sep 8, 2018 @ 5:44pm Pandora box - seed of skill #1. Seeds (Skill <5x found, 4x from Sniflheim Crossbow, 3x bonus with every game copy, 3x or 15x pre-order bonuses> ,. i had plans to save up for sword dance, which requires several greatsword skills, in addition to dual wielding. In fact, their skills are pretty much the same and because of that, it’s not a good idea to even bother with it, since Flame Slash is the only non-situational one there. This guide covers the recently discovered debug console and the commands that can be used: spawn rideable mounts, enemies, change player skills, assign spells, alter levels, alter your party, add NPCs, etc. You can do a respec trick on sylv to get hustle dance and refund the litheness skills you got on the way. The base + stat + equipment cap of 75% is just that 75% before skill boosts. The more unneeded skills you have, the slower is to navigate menus in battle. To access the Character Builder, select it from the Misc. although, ive been going through doing all side quests and finding all treasures, and if i were a betting man, id say theres enough skill seeds to max everyone that you dont need to grind for em. Link to Gamefaq: me on twitter: #dragonquest #guide JADE Skills Guide - D. How many hours would it take to test this trick out? Not as long as you might think. Output is based on Rab's Strength. theres a side quest that gives 10! somebody shoot me. Sylvando: 611 + 10 (633) = 12 extra needed. She/her pronouns. Boomerangs are one of the three weapon families the Hero and Morrie can equip. Step 1 - Put everything you want to dupe in your party members inventory. Each character has multiple "Skill Trees" in the Character Builder. Malicious. Use Kacrackle to damage all enemies. . 35+ with 8gb mms. i never played any RPG games where at max level, the character stats get to max. Every day, after noon my time or there abouts, I can turn the day into night and go buy another seed for 5 more skill points. Even if you reach Level 99 you'll still have skills you can't get. Do realize that having only 1 monster in battle does seem to negatively impact chances, so Therapeusis will be easier to farm than. #dragonquest #dragonquestxi Hello everyone and welcome to my guide for Dragon Quest XI. This can be done by going to any church/priest and choosing the Rectification option. If not, take a few minutes to an hour and farm on some Metal Slimes. Agility for Angelo. com Dragon Quest XI - Skill Seed Farming for Achievements. If you know the battle will last multiple turns and you intend to use Veronica for damaging. CryptoObviously, you want to have your party at level 99 for this fight. Aim for 37 skill seeds, put them with party members along with other seeds and unique items coughAssassin accessorycough in Act 1 for duplication glitch Reply. Mainly because Dually Deadly alone needs almost 160 points. I know they are farm able but I am not sure if losing 10ish hours is worth 4 seeds. 1. Cool, a specific seed guide. Dragon Quest VIII. Step 4 - When Act 3 starts is when you finally reap the rewards. It is hard to recommend a general level for the postgame, and even for the individual bosses. to duplicate your seeds of skill. Where is the grove of repose? The grove of. I got my dudes to 99 and was like. Sans_Pants 5 years ago #5. That is your main bread and butter boss killer build. I'd probably farm for at least 5000. Yakuza Kiwami. This work only for every personal bags (not the general bag), excluding the hero's one. Topic Archived. Business, Economics, and Finance. Pinterest. . I can’t remember the exact area but I am pretty sure it is around Gallopolis, fairly early in the game. Deals 1. Go to the bottom floor. It'll save you a lot of time. So, for example, in the act 1 when you speak with the old sage you have 10 seed of skill into veronic's bag, when you return in time in act 3 veronica come again with 10 seed of skill. but say you want more, like for skill seeds or perfectionist pearls. To combine with Divide and Victimizer/Cobra Strike you need 251 skill points or level 60. . Accolade-----"Untold Enlightenment" Awarded for overcoming the Secret Trial of the Wheel of Harma. wait, you said 'waiting until 99. I haven't seen a monster drop skill seeds yet, but they can usually be found on the ground looking like herbs. Skill types in Dragon Quest XI are a set of skills unlocked through the Character builder. Sep 20, 2018 @ 10:26pm It is an interesting thing to keep in mind. Sep 8, 2018 @ 7:28pm Originally posted by LumLum: Pandora box - seed of skill. Lumone. r/dragonquest. Charm = Sylv. 50 is where most people are beating. May put a single target to Sleep with a medium success rate. Definitive Edition: Cannibox/Mimic will drop them in the Imperial Pantry and Pillar of Pegasus dungeons in Tickington and they will respawn after travel back to Erdrea and back to Tickington. While most of the advice is great, the place to farm Seed of Magic is a terrible option. Charm [] Charm is a measurement of a character's attractiveness. FC:BuuBuu: 5214-9746-6550 Safari type (butterfree,beautifly,vivillion) PSN: BuuBuu GT: BuuBuu001. Deals. Within 60 moves: Super Seed of Magic x8 Within 50 moves: Super Seed of Life x8 You also get a Naughty Stick from Master Pang for Serena to use. 2) Laguna di Gondolia (Sylv's interlude): Seed of Skill on a small island (bee required) 3) Rock of Wrong (Erik's interlude): Two Seeds of Skill (Canniboxes) in the 5 chest grouping and a Seed of Deftness on the broken Watcher structure. Magical Mending: healing/revival efficiency. I honestly think the time is better spent just. Rinse and repeat. UAZaqwert (Topic Creator) 5 years ago #6 The respecing cost is extremely cheap though, 20g per point, you can respect a whole character for like 2,500 gold which is a drop in the bucket really. This skill eliminates the penalty for Dual Wielding, which allows Erik to do more damage. jp/dq11/167221 /SPOILERS The order should be "sum of stats", HP, MP, attack. But then i realized that i can do NewGame+ from any chapter at any time, keeping all non-key items. Charm: Beguilement chance. Sylvando doesn't have much MP early on so I found giving him a few MP seeds helped him out. Yeah using Claws without grinding seed is a bad idea. In order to refund skill points in Dragon Quest XI, you need to progress to a certain point in the story. Items to have equipped: 8 Bunny Tails, 2 Academy Un. Go back to Step 2. ZodiacSoldier 5 years ago #9. Struggling isn't a bad thing. luminary tree. For what it's worth I leveled every character to 99 and grinded to get enough Skill Seeds to fill out all of their Skill Panels so I'm well aware. I've seen a lot of people say DQ11 is the best Dragon Quest game. Short answer is no. This will provide us with a powerful new Pep Power, and open up as much content as possible before digging. Without farming, I'd say the usual end-game party would have somewhere around half of all skills. The stuff for the champions pack is included in the game, with the exception of the wolf wear costume for Eric. To clarify: you need around 70 Seed of Skill total, not per character. This will dispel Calasmos’ aura and kick off the real battle, reducing the damage he. just find a metal slime grinding spot once you grab rab+jade, and burn levels. Dragon Quest XI: Echoes of an Elusive Age. Either way though, the Vest For Success should make farming Skill Seeds easier later on. It can give off 4-6 HP points. Notify me about new: Guides. For bunny tails, just defeat a few of those bunnies on that same map during non-rainy days. In the ps2 version there was a store in Arcadia that sold a skill seed at night. Favorite. Each Seed is a 4MP boost, so you can get this done fairly easily with the number of Terranodons. Go to Laguna di Gondolia. Veronica Character Skill Chart by mev1978 PS4. Veronica - Vim / Heavy Wands. Isle to the far South West. Set in stone. It'll deal nice damage for a while, but is wind elemental. Seed of therapeusis. Once you get to a certain point in the game you can start farming these for Seed of Skills near Ruins of Dundrasil. Serena has three skill trees: "stick", spear, and harp. Is there a cap for the other seeds? Seed of life, deftness, etc. Wait, where did you preorder to get 3 copies of that item? I only got 2 copies of the 3 Skill Seed with my Gamestop one. If you had to pick just one of the three rereleased Dragon Quest games, pick Dragon Quest III – we can promise that you won’t be disappointed. When the respec unlocks, head to any save statue or any camp and you will see a new option. Rab: Staff (boosting magic attack) Jade: I went with claws, but spears are good as well. Luckily, you won’t need a lot since only Veronica needs them. Pastword¶. The other Pep panels are located on this path, and the Charm boosts (+75 total) are fantastic to help boost the. By Precocious Turtle , Samuel Claiborn , Angie Harvey , +260 more. Just go to town. PSPgo 6. Can you max the skill tree? Dragon Quest XI S: Echoes of an Elusive Age - Definitive Edition Nintendo Switch . Act 1 Strength Seed Farming. 27 Understanding Angri-La. Don't know if I'd recommend learning it that early though. Depends how fast you want to be and how many types of items you are trying to get. The MOMENT she joins the party where you can interact with her is when you want to assure she has what you want her to have (easier if you set this up at the end of Act 1, and just. Pirate King’s Cap: Earned from post. vejeta 5 years ago #1. A powerful attack that causes serious damage to one enemy with five icy strikes. I just carried around 2 swords and single target damage was greatsword and if needed aoe i swapped to 2 swords . Stat seeds :P then maybe you are right. In act 3 you need specific weather and respawning takes more time. Spear and staff. Seed of life . (Unique Items are not-Key Items, so you can farm Unique Weapons like Erik's Dagger, Mini-Medals, Skill-Seeds and Perfectionist Pearls just by restarting chapter in different mode and grabbing them from treasure chests. Best. . Resetting Skills¶. Use the Campsite in the Heliodor region, get Erik + Hero to Pep State (easier early game, but the steal rate will be much easier), then save, and save scum Itemized Kill until. I only had to farm about 20 extra skill seeds in my 2nd playthrough to max out charts instead of like 50+. Jan 1, 2019 - Dragon Quest 11 guide showing how we can farm as many Seeds Of Skill as we like so we are able to complete the Skill Panels for all our characters in post game. Dragon Quest VIII. Having learnt from DQ11 where I tought Eric to use boomerangs, I thought the best option would be to teach the DQ8 characters the skills for the weapon they come with. youll shit on the rest of the game. The seeds drop like 50% of the time after each kill. Anywho, I noticed I have ALL of the items my characters had earlier in the game!7. Then00bAvenger 5 years ago #7. Farming Seeds. Hero: 14 Erik: 3 Veronica: 12 Serena: 12 Sylvando: 12Posting in case anyone comes from Google. Make sure your party is healed up, then climb the. 81. Heals a medium. Total SP at 99 (SP necessary to learn all abilities) Hero: 711 (725) = 14 extra needed. Pirate King’s Coat: Can be purchased in Cobblestone when returning in the post-game. I noticed on a couple of my characters that for the last couple levels they stopped earning skill points. Continue south until you see a tightrope spanning the gap to the east. The top panel (Agility +30 I believe) also gives you a free extra 10 skill points. ゲームボーイ版のドラゴンクエスト1・2のチートコードです。 ドラクエ11 (dq11) 強い武器の改造コードidメモその3 スティック&ブーメラン 最強のスティックは精霊王のタクト 最強のブーメランはハイパーノヴァ ドラクエ11 デルカダール秘技コード Player 1/Pla. Save them all, need some extra stats just grind a. Me and MP total, skills such as Alma Mater (target is protected from instant death when they’re above half health) and Snap, Crackle, Poof (protection from negative status effects) are high. Enter Gallopolis, get the medal from the NW house, the Seed of Skill from the royal dressing room and the 1500 gold, concrete earrings and fishnet stockings from the palace. 1 seed (Gallopolis) 1 seed (L' Academie) Act 2 early. liltoothpick posted. (likely carried over as DQ11 borrows heavily from DQ9): 1st Character Position. My roster is as follows: Hero (lv11), Yangus (lv11), and Jessica (lv9). And some skill trees were horrendously bad: i'm talking Hero Boomerangs, Hero Fisticuffs, Yangus Scythes, Yangus Clubs/Hammers, Jessica Knives, Jessica/Angelo Staves. Dragon Quest XI S Update: Costumes unique to the Switch or Definitive version of the game will be tagged (S Exclusive) or (S and 3DS Exclusive) if the costume originally appeared on the Japanese. Has a small chance of decreasing an enemy's resistance to Dark damage as well. Equipping a weapon corresponding to the weapon skill trait will add 3% to the Critical Hit rate and wearing the Critical Acclaim accessory will add another 4%. Each level gives you a certain amount. Honestly, I am not really good at using this character so I really just gave her the only weapons that are exclusive to her. In act 3 farming the gold statues, was wondering if the vest for success or bunny tails actually raised the drop rate if you +3. If it was pre-ordered, it also came with 15 more Skill Seeds, Vest for Success, 3 Uber Agate of Evolution, and a PS4 theme . This guide will show the best characters and equipment for. So anything before that or soon after preferred. It'll deal high damage to every enemy, attempt to put them to sleep, and also heal Jade. ) PSN ID : Lloyd, PS3 160GB with 120GB ext HDD. Deftness = Eric. To my knowledge the only thing you get from filling out the skill trees are accolades. Veronica MP and Magic Might to 999 for optimum Magic Burst. Each seed is 5 skill points. #dragonquest #dragonquestxi A quick guide for farming seed of Deftness! Make sure to check out my other dragon quest xi guides like this one or watch my 100%. You can't really get Divide and Dually Deadly together in act 2 for lack of skill points. You need 70+ seeds to max the trees. You will get random encounters on the way, however these also drop seeds as a rare item! Usually you get each of the following enemies in groups of 2 or 3: Hot Dog - Seed of Life Corpse Corporal - Seed of Life Stat seed usage DQ 11. Thats not possible in DQ11 but its an interesting fact about 9 that is overlooked eventhough it spells. Strategy-----My characters were at. 3 skill seeds are 3 skill points = about one level or one half level for a single character. DQ XI Lv 99 Skill point question. To simplify it greatly, each stat TYPICALLY has one main function: Strength: physical damage. So don't use more than that on the character. It will always crit and kill the Slime. For This Method You Must Have:-Critical Claim With Erik-Thunder Thrust With Jade-Pep Power Electro Light-Pep Power HalellujahIf You Like What You See Please. Do it in 2D mode because you can run straight up if you enter the third seedling (after completing it). Jade only needs 3 seeds at 99 to get all her skills This answer was so solid, thanks omgseal. As the titles states, spoilers ahead! So I just beat Mordegon and got sent back to save Veronica and Erdrea from destruction. Heisenbird 5 years ago #61. IGN: Coma. At the beginning of the game, Swords for Erik is going to be pretty similar to the Hero, as they share a lot of the same skills. For "titles," you get some along the way of each characters when you fill up a certain number of panels (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and all). Happiness isn't meant to be nostalgic. . My bad! ><. It's more of a post-game thing This. . Abuse Holy Water to avoid encounters, picking up the medals by the checkpoint and in the desert. Regardless, everyone can (almost) fill out their entire trees even without seeds. With. Nope, it just requires you to use skill seeds. ill use the skill seeds as i find them! There is a list of who needs how many seeds to max out at level 99 on one of the threads you can search for with "Skill". Necromancin. Aborian Highlands Mountain Path 2D Map by stahlbaum. DQ8: Recommended Units to Use Seeds On? As title states. Executioner can be acquired by having Sylvando know Metal Slash and Hendrick knowing Hatchet Man. They're farmable anyway. You can get 50 seeds/hr by following the instruction in this video. Dragon Quest 11 guide showing how we can farm as many Seeds Of Skill as we like so we are able to complete the Skill Panels for all our characters in post game. Boards. yes, they. In the 3ds version once you arrive there the store no longer sells one and done seeds. Dragon Quest III: The Seeds of Salvation []. This shows how you can get as many seed of skill drops as you like by fighting a Cannibox that's guaranteed to drop it, returning from Tickington to 3D mode. Maps and Charts. Square Enix. Skill seeds or stat seeds? "Somewhere beyond right and wrong, there is a garden. (yes you got skill seeds very very late, but this was still a huge frustration). conversely hit the casino, play your cards right, pick up 2 plati swords, and a plati 2h and wreck face for the rest of the game that way. Dragon Quest XI - Farming Seeds.